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| c. 950 |
| | | Toltecs move into the valley of Mexico from the north and establish a capital city at Tula | |
|  | Tula, Mexico
Fotofile CG
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| c. 981 |
| | | Eric Thorvaldsson, or Eric the Red, sails to Greenland when he is exiled from Iceland | |
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| c. 1000 |
| | | Leif Ericsson claims to have made landfall at three places in north America, one of which he names Vinland - the land of wine | |
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| c. 1010 |
| | | Thorfinn Karlsefni leads an expedition to north America, traces of which may survive in a longhouse at L'Anse aux Meadows | |
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| 1410 |
| | | The Viking settlement in Greenland ends, after 400 years, when the last ship leaves the colony and sails for Norway | |
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| 1487 |
| | | The Inca empire is extended to the north and a second capital is established at Quito | |
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| 1497 |
| | | Henry VII commissions the Italian navigator John Cabot to cross the Atlantic in search of new territories for England | |
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| 1497 |
| | | John Cabot, searching for a trade route to China, probably reaches Newfoundland | |
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| 1507 |
| | | The editor of a pamphlet proposes that the recently found continent should be named America after the explorer Amerigo Vespucci | |
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| 1534 |
| | | French explorer Jacques Cartier charts the Gulf of St Lawrence and, in 1525, explores up the river as far as Montreal | |
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